摘要： 党的二十届四中全会通过的《中共中央关于制定国民经济和社会发展第十五个五年规划的建议》指出，“区域协调发展是中国式现代化的内在要求”。胡焕庸线自1935年提出以来已逾90载，这条人口地理分界线一直是理解中国区域差异的基本国情线。在中国式现代化进程中，胡焕庸线始终展现出“恒定与流变”的深刻辩证关系。一方面，宏观层面“东密西疏”的人口分布基本格局保持“长期稳定”；另一方面，随着新型工业化向纵深推进、人口迁移流动加剧、老龄化进程加速，以及数字技术重塑经济地理，胡焕庸线两侧的产业结构重组、民族人口分布、健康婚姻格局等亦经历“动态之变”。为此，《探索与争鸣》编辑部在华东师范大学“纪念胡焕庸线发现90周年学术研讨会”的基础上，特邀相关领域专家学者，全面审视中国式现代化进程中的胡焕庸线，探析线两侧总量稳定与结构变迁的深层逻辑，助力高质量发展的中国式现代化区域布局的构建。    杨云彦教授指出，胡焕庸线的“变”与“不变”是在长期发展中形成的多维统一，二者的辩证关系不仅是理解中国区域发展规律的关键，更是未来优化人口战略、促进区域协调发展的重要前提，进而点明影响未来走势的五大研究维度。房宁教授提出“瑷珲—腾冲线区域”概念，将瑷珲—腾冲线区域划分为东北平原段、内蒙古高原段、山陕甘黄土高原段和四川云南山地段四个区段，倡议遵循“因势利导”“因地制宜”原则进行“油点战术”开发，破解资源错配，推进区域协调发展。窦学诚教授基于工业化和“世界工厂”空间转移与结构重塑进程，从点线面体几何区位范式与网络流位出发，考察了以“世界工厂”脊线为代表的中国大陆地理空间典型几何特征，以及未来区域经济优化走向。高向东教授指出少数民族人口从“线内聚居”到“跨线东移”，既拓展了各民族交往交流交融的空间，也使传统民族事务治理面临新的结构性矛盾，强调流入地与流出地协同、全方位社会嵌入与共同体意识融入结合。王金营教授通过考察全国人口迁移流动空间选择的总体特征、省际人口迁移流动的空间组织与区域分异，以及省内人口迁移流动的集聚模式与空间分化，提出实施精准政策引领，优化区域发展机会配置，实现人口、产业与区域发展的动态协调。朱宝树教授分析了老年人口自评健康状况的城乡差异，提出“健康胡焕庸线”并论述其可塑性，建议通过制度设计与技术创新，促进健康老龄化区域均衡发展。黄小丽讲师提出“婚姻胡焕庸线”，指出中国婚姻迁移在空间演变、区域均衡和社会适应等方面存在的现实问题与潜在挑战，从优化婚配资源配置、强化社会支持网络、完善制度服务衔接与重塑空间结构布局等方面提出因应之道。

Abstract: Since its proposal in 1935, the Hu Huanyong Line has served as a fundamental baseline for understanding regional disparities as in China. In the process of Chinese-style modernization, the Hu Huanyong Line has consistently exhibited a profound dialectical relationship between “constancy and flux”. Based on the academic symposium titled “Commemorating the 90th Anniversary of the Discovery of the Hu Huanyong Line”, we invited experts and scholars from relevant fields to comprehensively examine the Hu Huanyong Line in the context of Chinese-style modernization, analyze the underlying logic of aggregate stability and structural change, and contribute to the construction of a regional layout for high-quality Chinese-style modernization.   Professor Yang Yunyan pointed out that the “change” and “stability” of the Hu Huanyong Line constitute a multidimensional unity formed over long-term development. The dialectical relationship between the two is not only key to understanding the laws of regional development in China, but also an important prerequisite for optimizing population strategy and promoting coordinated regional development. Professor Fang Ning proposed the concept of the “Aihui-Tengchong Line Region”, advocating for the principles of “guiding according to circumstances” and  “adapting measures to local conditions” to implement “oil-spot tactic” development, thereby resolving resource mismatches and advancing coordinated regional development. Professor Dou Xuecheng examined the typical geometric characteristics of mainland China’s geographical space, represented by the spine line of the world’s factory, as well as the future direction of regional economic optimization. Professor Gao Xiangdong, focusing on the phenomenon of ethnic minority populations shifting from “concentrated settlement within the line” to “eastward migration across the line”, pointed out that this trend has expanded the space for interaction, exchange, and integration among various ethnic groups, while also introducing new structural contradictions into the governance of traditional ethnic affairs. Professor Wang Jinying proposed implementing precise policy guidance to optimize the allocation of regional development opportunities, thereby achieving dynamic coordination among population, industry, and regional development. Professor Zhu Baoshu introduced the concept of a “Health Hu Huanyong Line”, suggesting that through institutional design and technological innovation, balanced regional development in healthy aging should be actively promoted. Lecturer Huang Xiaoli put forward the notion of a “Marriage Hu Huanyong Line”, offering countermeasures from perspectives such as optimizing the allocation of spouse-matching resources, strengthening social support networks, improving the integration of institutional services, and reshaping spatial structural layouts.