摘要： 情感复杂含混、变化多端，但作为人的行为发端的动力和幸福安顿的主要成分又很有分析的必要。建构一种基本情感的分类结构，需要先回答现代心理学理论中提出的两个挑战：一是对情感分立性的挑战；二是对情感普遍性的挑战。但大致以古人所说的“七情”为基础做一种六分还是可能的，即分为喜、惧、哀、怒、爱、恨，并尝试做一些仔细的层次说明和正负面疏解。这些说明和论证可以借助演化论、神经科学和人类的日常语言进行分析。而这些基本情感的相互关系和作用及其古今变化也是值得探讨的课题。我们还可以考虑各种情感之间的一种内部平衡，以及情感与其他人性要素的外在平衡。

关键词: 情感结构, 情感要素, 情感联系, 情感平衡

Abstract: Emotions are complex, ambiguous, and constantly changing, but as the driving force behind human behavior and the main component of happiness and well-being, it is necessary to analyze them. To construct a classification structure for basic emotions, it is necessary to respond to two challenges proposed in modern psychological theory: One is the challenge to the discreteness of emotions, and the other is the challenge to the universality of emotions. Nevertheless, it is still possible to make a six-fold classification roughly based on the “seven emotions” mentioned by ancient people, namely joy, fear, sorrow, anger, love, and hate, while attempt some careful hierarchical explanations and interpretations. These explanations and arguments can be supported by theories of human evolution, neuroscience, and analyses of everyday language. The interrelationships and interactions among these basic emotions, as well as their changes from ancient to modern times, are also topics worth exploring. We may also consider an internal balance among various emotions, as well as an external balance between emotions and other elements of human nature.

Key words: emotional structure, emotional elements, emotional connections, emotional balance